Can your adrenal glands be sick?

The signals your body sends are not to be ignored

The adrenal glands are two small glands located above the kidneys. Although small in size, they play a vital role in many bodily functions — regulating blood pressure, stress response, metabolism and blood sugar levels. If there is a malfunction in their work or the appearance of a tumor, this can manifest itself on the whole organism. Therefore, early recognition of adrenal problems is key.

Why do adrenal tumors often not hurt for a long time?

Most adrenal tumors are detected randomly -- for example, during a CT scan of the abdomen for another problem. Such findings are referred to as adrenal incidentalomas. Most of them are benign and do not produce hormones, but some of them can be hormonally active or even malignant. It is then that early symptoms play a major role.

Warning signs that are not good to underestimate

1. High blood pressure that does not respond to treatment
   It can be caused by a tumor producing aldosterone or stress hormones. Typically, this is Conn's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
2. Attacks of palpitations, sweating, tremors, anxiety
   If these symptoms occur repeatedly and without apparent cause, it may be a hormonally active tumor.
3. Weight gain in the face and abdomen, muscle weakness
   Signs of elevated cortisol levels, which can be caused by Cushing's syndrome.
4. Irregularities of menstruation, excessive body hair, acne in women
   They can signal excessive production of male hormones due to a tumor.
5. Fatigue, lack of appetite, weight loss, low pressure
   Typical manifestations of adrenal insufficiency, usually with bilateral involvement — for example, with metastases.

When to see a doctor?

If any of the above symptoms appear long-term or worsen, it is advisable to see a general practitioner. The latter may recommend a basic examination or refer you to a specialist — most often an endocrinologist.

The earlier the problem with the adrenal gland is detected, the greater the chances of successful treatment. Hormonally active tumors in particular can do great harm if they are not detected in time.

What examinations can follow?

• CT or MR examination abdomen to display the shape and size of the adrenal glands
• Hormone tests in the blood and urine to detect excessive production
• Other specialized examinations, including PET/CT and genetic testing if needed

What do you take away from it?

• Adrenal tumors often do not hurt for a long time, but the body sends warning signals -- high pressure, fatigue, weight changes, cardiac arrhythmias.
• Many of these tumors are benign, but some may be hormonally active or even malignant.
• Early diagnosis and proper examination fundamentally affect the success of treatment.

If you notice any unusual changes in your health, do not hesitate to consult a doctor. The adrenal glands are small, but their importance to the body is enormous -- as is the difference between a tumor caught early and late.

‍